World Diabetes Day 2024: Simple ways to treat, prevent diabetic foot diseases

World Diabetes Day is celebrated annually on November 14 to raise awareness about diabetes as a critical global public health issue. Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are common complications of diabetes.
Also known as Diabetic Foot Disease (DFD) or Diabetic Foot Syndrome (DFS), this condition is usually caused due to neuropathy, as a result of diabetes mellitus. These ulcers are formed as a result of the skin tissue breaking down, to expose the layers underneath.
In an interview with HT Lifestyle, Dr N Kaushik, Diabetic Foot Surgeon – Podiatry Department at Rajiv Gandhi Co-operative Multi Specialty Hospital in Kerala’s Palakkad, shared, “Found commonly in places where most pressure is exerted by your body, diabetic foot ulcers are found under your big toe and heel region. Incidentally, ulcers are usually formed in places on your feet that have calluses. That being said, not all people living with diabetes develop foot ulcers or foot diseases. Good foot hygiene and care can go a long way in preventing them. Let’s take a look at everything you need to know about the condition.”
Bringing his expertise to the same, Dr Rajeev Singh, Diabetic Foot Surgeon, Podiatrist and General Surgeon at SL Raheja Fortis Hospital Mumbai’s Mahim, cautioned, “Diabetic foot disease is a common yet serious complication of diabetes that can lead to infections, ulcers and even amputations if left untreated. Foot ulceration is a common complication of diabetes that cannot be managed through methods such as diet, exercise, and insulin treatment. This condition affects nearly 15% of diabetic patients during their lifetime, making awareness and early intervention crucial. A proactive approach, coupled with regular check-ups and vigilant foot care, is essential for managing diabetic foot disease effectively. By doing so, individuals with diabetes can significantly reduce the risk of complications and maintain their mobility and quality of life.”
Dr N Kaushik answered, “Foot ulceration are a common complication of diabetes that cannot be managed through methods such as diet, exercise, and insulin treatment. Foot ulcers, which can have several causes, are a risk for all diabetics. The majority of diabetic foot ulcers occur in older men.” According to him, foot ulcers are more likely as a result of some factors, such as –
Dr N Kaushik added that diabetic foot ulcers are most commonly caused due to –

Dr Rajeev Singh revealed that recognising the early signs of diabetic foot disease can prevent severe complications. Here are some symptoms to watch for –
Dr Rajeev Singh asserted, “Prompt detection and treatment of these signs are vital to prevent serious complications. When caught early, foot ulcers are treatable. Visiting your doctor right away if you develop a sore on your foot, can help reduce the likelihood of infection and progression into an infected diabetic foot ulcer.”
Dr N Kaushik revealed, “Diagnosing and treating foot ulcers largely depends on a physical examination done by your doctor. Your doctor may look for any drainage from the affected area and sometimes a noticeable lump that isn’t always painful, to diagnose a foot ulcer. Further, the doctor will use the Wagner Ulcer Classification System to identify the seriousness of your ulcer on a scale of 0 to 5. It is important to remember that an infection is a serious complication and does require immediate treatment. Your doctor may advice to get X ray foot – to look for bone involvement or infection spread and blood tests to assess the sugar levels or infection counts.”
Dr N Kaushik recommended some ways to treat the ulcer –

Talking about ways to manage diabetic foot disease, Dr Rajeev Singh opined that it involves a proactive approach and regular care. Here are some expert-recommended strategies –
Dr N Kaushik highlighted, “The best way to prevent a diabetic foot ulcer from progressing is to visit and consult your doctor at the earliest – especially if you notice any signs of infection, pain or a wound on your foot. Studies indicate that more than half of diabetic foot ulcers become infected. Indicating that preventive care is critical. When caught early, foot ulcers are treatable. Visiting your doctor right away if you develop a sore on your foot, can help reduce the likelihood of infection and progression into an infected diabetic foot ulcer.” He advised –
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your doctor with any questions about a medical condition.